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We use many modern electronic gadgets and devices in our day-to-day life. But, have you ever noticed that who is responsible for this extraordinary performance of these gadgets? The answer is Printed Circuit Board Assembly or PCBA.
Have you ever noticed a solid green board inside an electronic gadget or device? Yes, it is the PCBA, we are talking about. If you want to know more about the PCBA’s uses and applications, you have to read this article till the end.
The different copper lines on green board are called traces which are electrically linked the components and connectors to each other. They provide signals between these features. It allows the circuit board to function in a special designed way. These features range from the simple to the complex pattern, and yet the size of PCBs can be smaller.
A PCB is a thin green board of insulating material such as fiberglass or resin-bonded paper with a thin layer of copper on one or both layers. If copper is present on one surface, it is a single-sided printed circuit board and if copper is on both surfaces it will be double-sided printed circuit board.
The copper uses on the surface of a printed circuit board have been declared as a circuit, so that components on the printed circuit board can be soldered to the copper.
Many people notice printed circuit boards when they see them. There are small green chips fitted in lines and copper parts you'll find at the center of electronic devices. It is prepared with copper lines, fiberglass or other different metal parts. These boards are fixed together with a solder mask. This solder mask is the material where green color comes from.
However, have you ever noticed those boards with different components fixed on? It is not just decorations of a PCB board. An advanced and modern circuit board will not provide its full functionality until those components are fixed on it. A PCB with components is called an assembled PCB and its manufacturing process is called PCB assembly or PCBA.
We can encounter PCBs in many fields such as the automotive industry, lighting, medical equipment, industrial machinery or in the electronic field such as: computer parts such as: motherboards, cards graphics, TVs, digital cameras, mobile phones, etc.
A modern printed circuit board to show you what they look like; with hundreds of components, the printed circuit board is a complex one, from a computer actually – but the printed circuit board of a washing machine holds a handful of components.
How the copper on a printed circuit board comprises a pattern of copper? Sometimes it is called the copper layer rather than a solid layer. This track or pattern is the key to making connections between these components.
In recent some years, due to the rapid growth of electronic device or gadgets, the productivity and quality requirements of such electronic devices manufacturing have become complicated and strict. On the one hand, the engineering team requests that the design should be prepared using precise and small electronic components.
On the other hand, some consumers demand stability requirements and higher product quality throughout the product life cycle. For the huge production of electronic products, PCBA is critical to the manufacture of the designed PCBs by means of SMT.
The adoption of SMT is essential to the product quality and yield performance of the finished PCBs, to handle the small component package size.
The production flow in PCBA is presented, in which the reflow oven, stencil printer and placement machine are essential equipment for the production of the PCBs. In order to avoid failures, there are many failure-prevention processes, such as in-circuit testing (ICT), automated optical inspection (AOI), and solder paste inspection (SPI) in the production procedures.
However, the earlier failure processes are again reactive to the defects, which can cause additional effort and production wastes for re-manufacturing. Therefore, modern research studies are trying to transform such processes to make them automatic and pro-active to align with the goals in smart manufacturing.
Printed circuit board assembly is an essential procedure during the manufacture of electronic devices and gadgets, in which various modern bare PCBs and electronic components are connected. For the improvements of the productivity of PCBA, the automated process was launched in order for effective PCBA planning.
In overall PCBA process, there are two major functions:
Firstly, the bare PCBS are first coated with solder paste with surface mount components onto the PCBS.
For a hot oven, the melted solder paste is used to connect boards and components. In the whole process, through-hole technology (THT) and SMT are used to be the main methods to attach the components onto the PCB boards.
We are the well-known PCB solutions provider. We can fulfil your PCB requirements from the parts sourcing to complete electronic assembly. We can help and guide you with every step of the way and ensures you quality assurance and detailed expertise.
When you prefer us as your cooperative PCBA manufacturer, you're choosing a partner with the best service that delivers you the best. Our PCBA services fulfil ISO 9001:2008-certificitation standards, highest quality benchmarks, RoHS and follow IPC Class 3. Additionally, we can manage every kind of PCB, whether it's single sided or double-sided, an SMT, through mixed-assembly project or hole. Whatever you demand, we can make it done!
We keep in contact with you continuously from the beginning and the end of the project by all the way through to the finish line. We keep you in the contact from fabrication to assembly. We can help you to save money and stress by lower PCB costs. We offer shorter period of time and higher-quality products. We want to save your energy and time so you can focus on your advanced PCB designs — not worry about the manufacturing process.
We always provide our customers with the best quality PCBs design. We have experienced and skillful people with years of experience in PCB Assembly. We prefer the requirements of our customers; we always provided them with the best customized printed circuit boards.
The basis of the technology for the production of printed circuit boards for consumer and professional electronics is the soldering operation. The method is intended for reliable fixation of components on a dielectric platform, most often made of textolite. It is based on the difference in melting temperatures of materials.
In the course of soldering, metallic solder is introduced between the parts to be joined, which, when heated, passes into the liquid phase and wets the surfaces of the printed circuit board components. After cooling, the solder solidifies and in this way securely connects the components to each other and to the carrier plate.
In modern industries, surface mount technology (SMT) is increasingly being used, performed by solder paste reflow and wave soldering methods. The features of this technique allow you to speed up the assembly of printed circuit boards, which is especially popular when it is necessary to mass-produce products. Also in demand is the traditional technique of mounting electronic components in holes, otherwise called pin mounting.
The number and types of other technological operations depend on the number of signal layers in the printed circuit board and its purpose. As a rule, in the production of printed circuit boards are used:
For single- and double-sided boards, etching often uses subtractive technology using a photo or metal resist. The role of the first is a special film, the role of the second is a protector combined from tin and lead. An alternative to etching is additive processes, in which the conductor is not removed from the system by acid treatment, but applied.
Such installation of components on printed circuit boards is carried out by special expensive equipment in cases where it is advisable to use automated installation. Among the main advantages of this installation method is:
In the automatic assembly of printed circuit boards, several types of soldering can be used at once - wave and selective. Wave soldering is a special type of soldering electronic components to the board, using a short time immersion of the bottom surface of the printed circuit board and the conclusions of the components themselves in the solder.
This technology is especially relevant in very large industries, because it allows you to process an impressive number of plates and their components per unit of time. To avoid breakage or integrity violations, a protective layer is additionally applied to the plate.
Selective soldering is a new technology that appeared only in the nineties of the last century and has the best reviews at the moment. It allows high-quality selective mounting of only output electrical components. The level of productivity of this type of installation is several times higher than that of a manual installation.
This type of soldering is financially more profitable and expedient, and due to the modern decrease in the use of output electrical components, selective soldering has become widespread. The main feature of this soldering method is that there is no need to additionally wash the boards from the flux, since it is applied pointwise.
Since printed circuit boards are the basis for the construction of most types of modern technology, these devices are more than in demand in the industry. There are many varieties of technological processes, the use of which allows you to create products that best meet the needs of the consumer.
In addition to the indicated subtractive and additive techniques, methods of contouring, tenting, manufacturing relief boards, and others are used.
Our company is engaged in the development and assembly of printed circuit boards at its own production facilities. This guarantees our customers the most favorable prices, transparent terms of cooperation, fulfillment of orders of any volume and complexity, prompt delivery.